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1 πόνος
A work, esp. hard work, toil, in Hom. mostly of the toil of war, μάχης π. the toil of battle, Il.16.568; πόνος alone, = μάχη, 6.77, Od.12.117, al.; πόνον ἔχειν, = μάχεσθαι, Il.6.525, cf. 13.2, al.;ἀνδράσι δυσμενέεσσι π. καὶ δῆριν ἔθεντο 17.158
;π. ἀνδρῶν Thgn.987
;πόνοι Ἐνυαλίου Pi.I.6(5).54
; ἐν τούτῳ τῷ π. ὁ πολέμαρχος διαφθείρεται in this struggle (at Marathon), Hdt.6.114;ἐν τοῖσι Τρωϊκοῖσι π. Id.9.27
.2 generally, toil, labour,ἐπεὶ παύσαντο πόνου Il.1.467
, al.; π. ὀρνίθεσσι τιθείη cause toil to them, Hes.Op. 470; π. λαβόντας incurring toil, Hdt.7.24;π. παρέχειν μανθάνοντι Pl.R. 526c
; μάταιος π. labour in vain, Id.Ti. 40d;οἱ κατὰ τὰ σώματα π. Id.Plt. 294e
;π. συνεχής Democr.241
;πολλῷ π. A.Pers. 509
;μετὰ πολλοῦ π. Pl.Sph. 230a
;σὺν π. X.Cyn.9.6
;οὐ μακρῷ π. A.Pr.75
;ἄνευ π. X.Mem.2.6.22
; ἔχει πόνον πολύν involves much trouble, Ar. Pax 1216 (also εἰνάλιον π. ἐχοίσας σκευᾶς when the tackle labours in the sea, Pi.P.2.79): pl.,π. ἑκούσιοι Democr.240
.3 of special kinds of labour, bodily exertion, exercise,στρατιωτικοὶ π. X.Cyr.3.3.9
; of exertions in the games, Hes.Sc. 305, Pi.N.4.1, l.4(3).47, etc.; γυμνάσια.., νεανιᾶν (prob.) πόνον the scene of youthful labours, E.Hel. 211 (lyr.);εἰναλίοισι πόνοισι Theoc.21.39
.4 work, task, business,ἐπεὶ π. ἄλλος ἔπειγεν Od.11.54
; enterprise, undertaking, S.Ph. 864 (lyr.), etc.5 implements for labour, stock-in-trade,οὗτος τοῖς ἁλιεῦσιν ὁ πᾶς πόνος Theoc.21.14
; καὶ πόνος ἐντὶ θάλασσα the sea is their workshop, Mosch.Fr.1.10.II stress, trouble, distress, suffering, Il.19.227; ;ἦ μὴν καὶ π. ἐστὶν.. 2.291
; ἐν τούτῳ τῷ π., of a storm, Hdt.7.190; ὁ Μηδικὸς [π.] the trouble from the Medes, Id.4.1;παῦροι ἐν πόνῳ πιστοί Pi.N.10.78
: freq. in Trag.,πόνος πόνῳ πόνον φέρει S.Aj. 866
(lyr.);πόνον ἔχειν Id.OC 232
(lyr.), etc.: in pl., sufferings, A.Pr.66, 328, etc.; πόνους πονεῖν (cf.πονέω B.1.2
);διά τινα πόνους ἔχειν Ar.Ec. 975
(lyr.); also of disease,κατέβαινεν ἐς τὰ στήθη ὁ π. Th.2.49
; ; ἰσχίων π. καὶ πλευρᾶς ib. 73.2 pain, esp. physical,δύο π. ἅμα γενομένων, μὴ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν τόπον, ὁ σφοδρότερος ἀμαυροῖ τὸν ἕτερον Hp.Aph.2.46
, cf. Erot. s.v. πόνοι, Gal.17(2).699;π. ἐν κεφαλῇ Hp.
Acut.(Sp.) 40;ἐς τὰ ἄρθρα πόνοι Id.Aph.4.44
,45, cf. Sor.1.27, al.;π. ἐς ἀμφοτέρας κνήμας Hp. Epid.1.26
.γ, cf. δ, al., LXX Ge.34.25; distd. from λύπη (pain in general), Alex.Aphr.Quaest.125.33; but sts. = λύπη, Epicur.Ep.3p.65U., Sent.Vat.4, Fr. 442, Phld.Mus.p.72K.
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